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let’s talk about window regulators

94K views 278 replies 76 participants last post by  Yewzer B Lewzer  
#1 · (Edited)
EDITS IN BOLD BLACK TYPE (wanted to make some updates to the OP)

Some of this may be known to some old farts (e46 tenure, not age) on the forum, but I haven't heard anyone talk about it so I thought I would start a (rare for me) thread on my window regulator issues, and what I think most people are missing with regard to why they fail.

My window regulator issues started the day I bought my used 2003 325i Sedan with a failure of the driver rear window. Most of the problems are with sedans which I will talk more about later. In the few years since I bought it, I have replaced all but the passenger rear (which is making some clicking noise so I think it is soon to be replaced), and the front driver I have replaced 3 times. This is unacceptable to me. For the record, I had window regulator issues with my wife's Honda Odyssey (both passenger side) also, which is a similar design to the e46: cable/pulley/track system rather than the older scissor jack style (which works still without issue on my son's '98 Olds Cutlass). The scissor jack style and the old gear/crank lever style are far superior to the cable/pulley/track system but is probably more difficult and expensive to implement on a production vehicle hence our burden.

The theory I see most often posted on here are

1: That aftermarket regulators are junk (and I agree SOME of them are),

2: That the sedan is just a bad design, and

3: That the fur lined rubber window tracks lose their fur as they age and become high dynamic friction systems. (For those of you who don't know what dynamic friction is, it is the moving friction. Static friction is the friction that must be overcome in order to get the system moving. I am not trying to be condescending with any explanations, just want to make sure my terms aren't confusing to some).

I offer an alternate theory based on my several years of observation: Failure of window regulators in a cable/pulley/track system is due to extensive static friction during initial roll-down, not increased dynamic friction (though it is prudent to keep dynamic friction to a minimum). Also - poor quality window regulators do not have enough tension in the cables, and therefore slack can accumulate either in the main spool or near the pulleys. This can cause the cable to come off the pulley or spool and become wrapped around the motor drive spline.

Finding root cause of failure is my business. What I mean by that is that my profession to do so. I work for a major supplier to the aviation industry and my company counts on me to determine why $hit fails. Not blowing wind up my own azz, just trying to add some credence to my theory. I'm not just some joker off the street with a theory, though there are plenty of people off the street with good knowledge and significant things to offer, just as there are plenty of professionals that don't know squat.

My observations that led me to this conclusion are both direct observation, as well as comments from people on this forum.

Let's start with my first observation: when I roll my windows down after not doing so for a while (days), there is a significant "pop" as the static friction breaks loose, as if the window was glued in place at the upper rubber seal and the motor had to break it free. Also if I roll my windows back up and do it again, no "pop." So let's think about what happens when the window is stuck due to high static friction and we roll it down. The first thing is the motor moves but the window doesn't. This is possible because of the spring loaded tensioners in the cable system. The next thing that happens is the springs compress then bottom out which gives the motor drive the ability to overcome the static friction of the top window/seal area and the window breaks free. Suddenly the spring and all the tension in the system releases which can result in slack in the cable briefly. Depending on where the cable slack ends up can determine if the unit fails or not (cable jumping off the pulleys or spool). The last three regulator failures that I have had are because the cable jumped its spool (the thing the motor engages to, a nylon spool that the cable wraps around). The cable then becomes wrapped around the motor drive spline and boom: the system binds up and stops. All of my failures occur when I roll the window down, it sounds slow, then when I go to roll them up it binds and stops. I have noticed that some of the cheap aftermarket units (Hamburg Technic for one) have a significant gap between the spool and the galvanized steel plate (see next picture) which is undesirable as it does not contain the briefly loose cable as good as one with no gap or a small gap. This allows room for the cable to come out of its enclosure. The latest one I put in was a Uro Premium and it seems to be much better in that area with little to no gap. The Uro Premium is the one with ball bearings to reduce dynamic friction, but this isn't why I bought it. I bought it because of the warranty and because the gap looked to be much smaller in the picture (and I can verify that it is significantly smaller, see the second picture below). I have since learned that the design concept for the ball bearing was so that the cable can be tighter to help to keep the cables from jumping the pulleys and spool, and that the pulley design has a deeper groove to keep the cable from jumping off. This in itself are good changes, but have not led to a failure free design as you will read later in this thread.There has been two iterations of the Uro Premium Regulator, the first had tighter cables but still had some failures, the second the cables were tightened more... we will see if they hold up. These features are probably what sets the OE regulators apart from the aftermarket ones. Hopefully the newest iteration of the Uro Premium can perform like the OE unit, if not I will be switching to OE next go-around.

Hamburg Technic:
<a href="http://s1090.photobucket.com/user/yewzer/media/bad%20gap%20reg.jpg.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://i1090.photobucket.com/albums/i370/yewzer/bad%20gap%20reg.jpg" border="0" alt="Hamburg Technic photo bad gap reg.jpg"/></a>

Uro Premium:
<a href="http://s1090.photobucket.com/user/yewzer/media/good%20gap%20reg.jpg.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://i1090.photobucket.com/albums/i370/yewzer/good%20gap%20reg.jpg" border="0" alt="Uro Premium photo good gap reg.jpg"/></a>

My second observation involves why coupe's and verts suffer far less from this problem. My theory is two-fold. 1, the rubber seal may be different (I don't have a coupe handy to look at closely) and not as tight. (and I have learned that the whole regulator and track system is very different) 2, the coupe (and vert) roll the windows down slightly every time you open the door. This along with opening the door breaks the static friction daily while it is low, and doesn't give it days to allow the window to adhere to the rubber seal.

My third observation is that I have window tint. The window tint is cut very high on the glass which allows the tint material to go into the window seal area. I believe this window tint material makes the static friction issue worse. I am even more convinced of this after a couple of weeks with them trimmed down as outlined later in this post.

So what can we do about it...? I don't know all the answers but I have some ideas.

The first thing I did was cut the window tint down lower on the glass so it is outside of the seal, which I have done very recently (about 2-3 days before I started this thread). This can be done at a height that will not allow light in the top when closed but low enough to keep it out of the seal. What I did is use the witness mark from the seal on the window tint and cut a few mm's below that. If you are a perfectionist don't do this yourself, it is very difficult to get that line straight and clean on a fully cured tint. I will need new tint sometime soon so I took a chance in order to perform this test. The glass on the top edge of the window needs to be clean and free of any build-up. I think the build-up that I had was residue from window tint adhesive and plain and simple grime. When I say build-up I'm not talking about a giant glob of goo, just a thin line of something right where the window seal touches on the inside of the window. See the next two pictures for before and after cutting the tint down. When I get new tint I will request the tint be cut to a specific spot as well.

Tint before cutting. Note that you can see the build up, or witness mark where the window curves down (sorry for the bad pics):
<a href="http://s1090.photobucket.com/user/yewzer/media/tint%20before%20cut.jpg.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://i1090.photobucket.com/albums/i370/yewzer/tint%20before%20cut.jpg" border="0" alt="Tint Before Cut photo tint before cut.jpg"/></a>

Tint after cutting:
<a href="http://s1090.photobucket.com/user/yewzer/media/tint%20after%20cut.jpg.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://i1090.photobucket.com/albums/i370/yewzer/tint%20after%20cut.jpg" border="0" alt="Tint After Cut photo tint after cut.jpg"/></a>

Third the top seal of the windows must be lubricated and cleaned to keep them from becoming sticky. B'laster the Dry Lube is the best we have found. Shin Etsu Grease can be used in the rubber tracks on the sides of the windows.

I did all of these steps to my windows only a few days ago and so far the pop noise is greatly reduced. And still is a few months later

This thread is not intended to be a final answer, but a living document that I will update from time-to-time. At the moment, I have a new regulator in the driver door, and regulators that are about 1-2 years old in the driver rear and passenger front doors, and an unknown in the passenger rear. My intent is to keep the static friction to a minimum through cleaning and regular conditioning of the rubber seal (probably every time I wash my car) and see how long I can make the regulators last.

Wish me luck and bump this thread if you are wondering if my regulators are holding up.

Feedback, alternate theories, rubber conditioner tips, "duh," and middle fingers welcome. :thumbsup:

Future additions to this original post will be in post number 190 as there is a limited number of edits one can do
 
#2 ·
I agree that the coupes and convertibles have far fewer problems and likely fewer possibilities for problems.

I have 2 convertibles, a 2006 E46 330cic and a 2003 VW Beetle.

Both cars drop the glass each time the door is opened. The VW has updated window regulators that actually drop the window with the keyfob, but will also drop the window with the door pull.

Addition the convertible and coupe windows are much longer/larger and heavier.

The coupe and convertible windows DO NOT have fur lined guide gaskets. Typically the coupe and convertible windows have 1 or 2 guide rods inside the door that the glass glides on. So the heavier glass, the lack of fur lined guide gaskets and the fact the glass drops every time the door is opened are probably the main reasons these window regulator hold up better. I also think the coupe and convertible window regulators are more robust for the heavier glass and the fact the windows get a lot of side to side tweaking when people open and close the door by the glass rather than the door.

But also for the record, it is not just BMW window regulators that are problems. Honda and GM have issues as well. Many of these have the cable and pulley system and the plastic pulleys crack and break. Often the problem is with the rear windows because they are not used often enough. As you said, part of the problem may be the glass sticking to the gasket over time, the other part is the pastic pulleys get stressed and sometimes crack from the tension of the cable.

I also just today replaced the plastic slides with rollers in a rear window on my sons 1996 Impala SS. The original nylon/plastic slide were kind of a rectangular shape, for some reason these break quite often, not sure if the problem is age or the design. I replaced the rectangular slides with round wheels, very easy to just press the ball of the window regulator into the new wheel.

As for the gaskets sticking, for years I have been using spray silicon that does not have petroleum in it. For example the Gunk/Liquid Wrench silicon spray smells like it has petroleum in it. Also a product called Gigaloo which seems to be very much like a silicon spray.

I spray a paper towel or rag down with the silicon and while the gaskets until they are clean and lubed. Then I spray the fur lined window channels down a as well. Also agree about keeping the top edge of the window clean, seems that there is always crud building up on the top edge of the glass.

So far I have not had any window regulators fail in any of my cars other than the '96 Impala SS, but we are talking about a 20 year old car. Hell the original Urethane front sway bar end link bushings just slit and cracked. I just replaced them because they were hard and brittle, but after 20 years, what do you expect!

Hopefully some forum members can chime in and add pictures of their failed window regulators. Please also include the regulator age, vendor name, where you are located, if the car is garaged and if it is a daily driver or a seasonal garage queen. I assume most Sedans and Touring will be daily drivers or maybe put away during the Winter in some locations.

This may help others figure out what regulators will fail quickly, which regulators to avoid and what PM steps have been taken on Sedan and Touring windows. This way we can all learn what steps other members take, what products they use and what actually seems to extend the life of the regulators.
 
#3 · (Edited)
I agree with your observations.
I have a sedan and have been through many regulators...mostly fronts because I rarely lower the back windows. I was going through so many that I have become an expert in changing them out.
My car also made the same 'pop' from a gummed up top of the window.

About 2 years ago I was getting ready to go on a trip and loading up my car when I accidently ripped the tint on one of my windows. Since I didn't think I had time to make an appointment to have the window re-done I figured I'd just take off all my tint. (Big mistake! But that's a story for another thread)

When taking the tint off I noticed how much the tint had 'shrunk' (Cheap tint?) and it was almost like sticky glue along the top edge.
Long story short...since removing the tint and keeping the top edge clean I haven't had any more failures and the pop is very minimized.

Edit: Florida car, always outside in the heat, 2 vehicles 1 driver.
 
#4 ·
...since removing the tint and keeping the top edge clean I haven't had any more failures and the pop is very minimized.

That's encouraging. By the way, I have found that 409 dissolves the tint adhesive that is left behind after removal.

Thanks for your (and jfoj) reply.
 
#6 ·
Just to add, the convertible (and by extension the coupe because they share the same part) have more robust regulators because they have windows that are meant for cantilevered operation.

I cruise regularly on the freeway going 90 with the top down and the windows up to cut down on noise and the windows are incredibly stable considering the lateral load and vibrations they're subjected to. Potholes rough them up too with the inherent side to side motion but they hold up well.
 
#9 · (Edited)
Every one of my sedan windows make a pop noise which sounds like the window is sticking to the rubber, just as you mentioned. I also have a suspicion that this continuous pop and friction has somehow loosened the bolts holding the window and that's why they rattle going over a bump. I plan on tightening the bolts, but at this point my window regulators have not failed YET. The car has 127k on it and I've only had it for about 9 months so I'm not sure if they had been replaced before or not.
 
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#11 ·
Completely agree. The place that did my window tint had to refund me to cover a new regulator. They have tools to slide between the window and seal after the adhesive has dried to keep that very thing from happening on all cars. They never used it on mine and sure enough the cable popped off and got wound up around the motor.
 
#12 ·
Good to know the coupes/convertibles have less issues (to be selfish since I have a coupe).

Regarding this point of the OP's "2, the coupe (and vert) roll the windows down slightly every time you open the door. This breaks the static friction daily while it is low, and doesn’t give it days to allow the window to adhere to the rubber seal" I don't drive my car everyday so I don't know about static friction in my situation. Sometimes I just drive once or twice a week and sometimes it can sit for a week. Then sometimes I drive everyday for a week. This daily lowering of the friction seems like a valid point to me but I just thought I would toss that out for discussion.

I use Aero 303 on the gasket and I keep the windows clean. I am almost certain that I have read on this forum that clean windows make things easier on the regulators and this would be consistent with the issue caused by window tint.

I am not sure if this helps, but unless I am going to drive around with the windows/sunroof open I do not lower it all the way when I am talking to someone or swiping the card at the gate going to my parents. Or, when I used to eat fast food I also wouldn't lower it all of the way.

The original owner of my car had the dealer resecure the cable to the regulator and had them replace the cable holder in January 2006 at 28,000 miles. No issues since that time.

I have never had a regulator issue on either 330Ci and the first one did have tint. Both sat outside all the time.

Great original post.
 
#16 ·
To be clear, I think the pop sound is the stuck window not a failing regulator. The source of the pop sound is what is causing the failure.
 
#21 ·
I use RainX on the exterior of my door windows and it gives the glass a very slick film that reduces friction between the glass and the rubber glass seal along the top edge of the door. Can't use it on the glass interior since I have tint but it seems to help just on the exterior.
 
#22 ·
I know people are well aware of the zip tie reinforcement for broken clips, but most don't know how to reinforce the rears. I did this trick to my rear that had a broken clips and it worked beautifully. I didnt bother buying any special wire, just used a couple of paper clips. I highly recommend doing this. It's strong enough that the metal edge holding the bottom coupled with two paper clips repaired a broken plastic cable mount. I'll replace it regardless, but if you're in a pinch this will actually hold for quite some time.

http://www.bmwfanatics.co.za/showthread.php?tid=29259
 
#23 ·
Having replaced around 12 window regulators on random E46 sedans I have noticed the following:

1- The side window guides tend to become hard and actually cause a lot of friction with the glass. Dust and weather conditions cause this. The horizontal water gasket not so much.
2- Aftermarket regulators are not 100% bolt on and require some tweaking aka re-alignment of the glass, not much by 2mm at most
3- That 2mm misalignment causes the glass to bind on the 2 vertical guides at some points in movement
4- The tensioner mechanisms always break at the bottom part, which is when the motor pulls the cable to roll the glass down
5- Whole tension to unbind/roll down the glass is applied to a very thin piece of plastic that can easily be reinforced not to break
6- The gasket o-ring between the spool and the housing on the OEM regulaotr tends to break loose and jam
7- Sedans have 1 rail to hold the glass vs 2 rails on the coupe (probably for the larger size) therefore more stress
 
#24 ·
Having replaced around 12 window regulators on random E46 sedans I have noticed the following:
...

4- The tensioner mechanisms always break at the bottom part, which is when the motor pulls the cable to roll the glass down

This seems to reinforce my theory. Thanks.
 
#25 ·
OP - thanks for the thread, you've reminded me to re-do mine !

I read a fair bit about this too. Well hot day last year in Oz, cars been sat at work in sun all day, front windows down, drive off........whilst driving rear windows down, pop out goes my passenger rear - took my tinting film out with it :(
Replaced with OE part from one excellent retailer we have here, Clickable Auto - Melbourne. They only sell ridgy didge (original) reg's as not worth the hassle selling other types.

Somehow, I managed to source gumi pfledge here in Oz (we get bugger all compared to you blokes in the US, who have access to every conceivable part, oil, tools etc and good prices).

Clean, lubed all windows. Did inside the tracks too, inc with some actual silicon spray. It does make a difference. One can tell by the speed of operation, lower noise etc.

Did the missus's vw too. Ive done reg's in that - plastic clip fails & glass drops into door.
 
#40 · (Edited)
I appreciate all of the suggestions, although I don't picture myself ordering all of the suggestions and trying them. I could see myself with 30 bottles of failure on the shelf. What I am hoping is that if you have an idea, try it for a while then post your results here. What I am looking for specifically is a product that after application to the top window seal, minimizes the pop sound and lasts at least a couple weeks. I think this problem is the worst during the hot summer months.

jfoj - can you confirm that the Jig-a-loo gets rid of the pop sound when you open the window (even after not being opened for a couple days)? (also - looks like a Canadian product, where do you get it in the US?)


...Somehow, I managed to source gumi pfledge here in Oz (we get bugger all compared to you blokes in the US, who have access to every conceivable part, oil, tools etc and good prices).

Clean, lubed all windows. Did inside the tracks too, inc with some actual silicon spray. It does make a difference. One can tell by the speed of operation, lower noise etc...
lobe - can you report back with your gummy pfledge results after time? Honestly I am reluctant to try it due to the comment from jfoj that it is greasy/waxy after application. I am worried that this will collect crap over time and make a mess. Sorry if this led anyone astray, but it still may be a viable option.

I will get some of the silicon spray with Krytox that Uro engineering suggested and post up the results. This may take a couple weeks to get, try, and evaluate.

Those that have window tint, I think cutting the tint down has made the biggest difference for me so far.
 
#27 ·
Might be counter-productive. As a group let's find a good lubricant or conditioner that keeps the sticking from happening.

The Meguiar's was a bust. Pop came back in a couple days. Latest try is spray wax, so far so good after 3 days.
 
#28 ·
Unfortunately mine decided to strip the gear teeth on the motor assembly after it jammed. :)
Image


Here is the right side regulator, which I have not yet installed. You can see there is no clearance between the spool and metal frame.
Image


Somehow the regulator managed to clearance itself.
Image

Image
 
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#29 ·
Hello everyone, my name is Daniel and I'm with URO Parts. We definitely appreciate the valuable feedback and keen observations made in these window regulator threads! Yewzer B Lewzer is 100% correct about one of the biggest window regulator design challenges: the cable jumps off the pulley upon release of tension when the regulator is in the fully up position. Our engineers agree that this is one of the key causes for failure in the system and is precisely why we added ball bearings to the pulleys. Bearings allow the cables to be substantially tighter than OEM, reducing cable slack without increasing drag. As Yewzer observed, URO Premium regulators also have a smaller gap between the pulley and the steel rail and the groove in the pulley is deeper to further resist cable jump.

In addition, we routinely pull samples from production runs and test them in actual car doors (many have gone 400,000+ open/close cycles and counting) to observe wear, identify potential issues, and confirm manufacturing is to specification. We have had great feedback from some of our distributors and certainly welcome real-world feedback from e46fanatic members and other end users. Our goal was to surpass OEM performance and durability and though achieving a failure rate of zero isn't realistic due to manufacturing anomalies we're very pleased with a warranty rate of far less than 0.5% thus far.
 
#30 ·
Before anyone calls Uro out for a thread hijack, please know that I invited them to post this here.
 
#31 ·
By the way UROpartsman, thank you for posting some of the other design features. I wasn't sold on the ball bearing alone but now that I understand the whole picture I like it.
 
#32 ·
What I can say is the following:

It is good news that there is a 3rd party building window regulators.

It is good news that the 3rd party is trying to improve the window regulators.

It is good news that the 3rd party has someone interested in the failure mode.

I do not fully understand URO. They make a lot of different products, so we can all hope they stick around and investigate future failures, make minor changes, and even help owners understand if additional lubrication and cleaning of the glass and track is necessary.

This is ALL positive and we should all provide positive feedback to a vendor willing to listen. Hopefully more good comes from URO for the regulators and other parts they supply and maybe they will consider stepping up to other common E46 failure areas so we can keep these things running for years to come.
 
#35 · (Edited)
Looks like there are lots of versions of Krytox, from $100 per ounce to $6 for a spray can.
 
#38 ·
Doesn't look to be easily available outside of Canada. Where do you get it? Can you confirm that it gets rid of the pop on a sedan?
 
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